Higher education in France. What demographic evolution? What economic nature? What are the future needs?

The number of students in higher education in France has evolved irregularly according to demographic dynamics and enrolment rates. The demographic distribution of students shows a singularity of the French system, marked by a diversity of institutions with different missions. An economic approach makes it possible to evaluate the share of the Gross Domestic Product devoted to higher education and the contribution of the various funders. What are the needs of the future?